Lipedema is a condition that involves the adipose tissue. Also known as the painful fat syndrome, lipedema is a poorly understood disease. It occurs when the fat is distributed irregularly beneath the skin. It may initially be a cosmetic concern but in the long run, lipedema can cause pain and other problems. 

The exact cause of lipedema is still unknown. However, doctors suspect that the female hormone has a role to play in its development. It usually affects women and begins or worsens during puberty, pregnancy, or during menopause.  

Some experts believe that genes may also play a role in the development of lipedema. Many women who have it have a family history of it.
   

Abnormal bilateral and symmetrical swelling of the legs and the hips that usually extend down the ankles are the most common symptoms of lipedema. The affected areas are usually tender and get easily bruised.  

Fat continues to build up as the condition progresses, resulting in a heavier lower body. Hence, it's common for those with lipedema to have smaller upper half and a larger lower half. 

When left unmanaged, lipedema can cause blockage of the lymphatic vessels, resulting in another condition called lymphedema. It can also lead to infections, a scar-like tissue called fibrosis, and delayed wound healing. 

Contrary to what many people believe, neither exercise nor dieting is a lipedema cure although both can keep the condition from getting worse.